![]() These seemingly numberless flocks were considered an infinite resource and exploited so drastically that the species was driven to extinction in mere decades. It's hard to imagine now, but at one time this species was the most numerous bird on earth, with a population of 3 to 5 billion birds. Retrieved 28 February 2014.Septemmarks 100 years since the last known Passenger Pigeon, known as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zoo. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. "Relationship between song characters and morphology in New World pigeons". ^ fasciata, Patagioenas Length: 14.5" Wingspan: 26" ().^ "Species factsheet: Patagioenas albilinea".^ "Species factsheet: Patagioenas fasciata"."A molecular phylogeny of the dove genera Streptopelia and Columba" (PDF). de Kort, Selvino Dinwoodey, Karen Mateman, A.C. The band-tailed pigeon is the closest genetic relative of the passenger pigeon and has been investigated for being used in efforts to bring back that extinct species. The parasitic louse Columbicola extinctus, believed to have become extinct with the extinction of the passenger pigeon, was recently rediscovered on the band-tailed pigeon. With the introduction of English Holly and English Ivy, two popular plants in landscaping in western North America, the bird is found in persistent numbers in suburban areas now as well. In addition to acorns and other seeds, the band-tailed pigeon will seasonally consume fruits such as Pacific madrona and Toyon berries. They commonly congregate at and drink from mineral springs, although it is not fully understood why. Outside the breeding season, it forms flocks, sometimes over 50 birds, and often becomes nomadic, following the acorn crop or moving to lower altitudes or other areas outside its breeding range. It builds a rudimentary platform nest out of twigs, in which it lays one or two eggs. It also makes a variety of harsh squawking sounds for a variety of reasons. Its voice is low-pitched and owl-like, often in two-syllable calls that rise and then fall ( huu-ooh) with even spacing between calls. This species is relatively quiet for a pigeon. It feeds on seeds, notably acorns, as well as berries and small fruits. It is found from almost sea level to 3,600 m (12,000 ft), generally in oak, pine-oak, and coniferous forests. In autumn it migrates out of its permanent resident range into northern California, New Mexico, and parts of Utah and Colorado. It ranges from British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, California, and southern Arizona south in higher elevations through Mexico and Central America to northern Argentina. There are at least 8 sub-species, and some authorities split this species into the northern band-tailed pigeon ( Patagioenas fasciata) and the southern band-tailed pigeon ( Patagioenas albilinea). Its closest relatives are the Chilean pigeon and the ring-tailed pigeon, which form a clade of Patagioenas with a terminal tail band and iridescent plumage on their necks. The band-tailed pigeon ( Patagioenas fasciata) is a medium-sized bird of the Americas. Southern band-tailed pigeon ( Patagioenas albilinea) Northern band-tailed pigeon ( Patagioenas fasciata)
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